Adhesives are substances that, when applied between the surfaces of two or more materials, can be utilized to hold, fasten, or bond them together. The bond strength of the attachment is dependent on the particular adhesive’s properties, those which include adhesion and cohesion. As these properties are the primary mechanisms involved in how adhesives function, determining the failure point of both properties is critical.

In industrial applications requiring precision grinding, abrasive wheels are commonly employed. Such machines have been used by the manufacturing industry for over 150 years to produce high-quality finishes on a number of products. However, despite their widespread use in manufacturing, abrasive wheels are typically unknown to the general public due to their size, price, and narrow range of applications.